System of electrical distribution.



N0. 663,659. Patented Dec. 11, I900.

H. n. KENT.

SYSTEM OF ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION.

(Application filed May 1, 1900.)-

(No Model.)

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UNITED STATES PATENT OEEIcE.

HENRY R. KENT, OF NEl V YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE WESTINGHOUSEMACHINE COMPANY, OF PENNSYLVANIA.

SYSTEM OF ELECTRICAL DlSTRlBU'l'lON.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 663,659, dated December11, 1900.

Application filed May 1,1900. Serial No. 15,078. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, HENRY R. KENT, a citizen of the United States,residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York,have invented a new and useful Improvement in Systems of ElectricalDistribution, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to systems of electrical distribution, andparticularly to directcurrent systems in which the translating devicesare supplied in parallel by a secondary battery and one or more dynamosthat are also connected in parallel to the distributing conductors.

The object of my invention is to providea system of the character aboveindicated in which the secondary battery and the genera tor orgenerators will severally automatically adjust themselves, so as toprovide the desired amount of energy under varying conditions as regardsthe amount of lead 011 the circuit.

In direct-current systems of distribution such, for example, aselectric-railway systemsthe load upon the generators varies be tweenwidely-separated limits at different periods in the day, and in order toavoid providing dynamo-electric generators of sufiicient power to supplythe energy required by the maximum load it has been proposed to employas an auxiliary source of power a secondary battery, the arrangementbeing such that the battery may be charged from the line when the loadis light and maydischarge into the line to aid the dynamos when the loadis heavy.

It has been proposed prior to my invention to utilize a secondarybattery or set of batteries in connection with shunt-wound dynamos forthe purpose of supplementing the energy supplied by the dynamos when theload became excessive. It was assumed that the dynarnos would providethe energy necessary for an average load and that the batteries wouldbecome charged. when the load fell below the average. It was found inpractice, however, that when the load became excessive the dynamos wouldfail to take their share of the load, in consequence of which the loadthrown upon the battery was sufficient to endanger its life.

In order to correct the difficulties experienced in practice, as abovespecified, I have devised the apparatus shown in the accompanyingdrawings, in which- Figure 1 is a diagram of a system of distributionembodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1, butinvolving a slight modification; and Fig. 3 is a diagram of a furthermodification.

Referring now to the details of circuits and apparatus shown in Fig. 1,the conductors 1, 2, and 3 may be assumed to be switchboard bus-barsfrom which the line conductors lead, the positive bus-bar 1 beingconnected in the 65 case of an electric-railway circuit, for example, tothe positive conductor, with which current-colleoting devices engage,and the negative bus-bar 3 being connected to the negative conductor,here indicated as the earth. I have shown two compound-wound dynamos at,the armatures of which are connected by means of conductors 5 and (3 tothe bus-bars 1 and 2, and the series fieldmagnet windings '7, which areconnected by means of conductors 8 and 9 to the bus-bars 2 and 3. Eachshunt field-magnet winding 10 is connected between the conductors 5 and6 in the usual manner and includes an adjustable rheostat 11 in order tovary the resistance of the shunt-circuit, as is usual in machines ofthis general character. The secondary battery 12 has its terminalsconnected to the bus-bars 1 and 2 by means of conductors l3 and 14.

In Fig. 2 the apparatus is the same in all respects as that shown inFig. 1, except that the conductors 8 of Fig. 1 are omitted and theterminals of the field-magnet windings that in Fig. 1 are joined to thebus-bar 2 by means of conductor 8 are here joined to conductor 6.

it will be readily seen from the construction of apparatus and thearrangement of circuits shown and described that all of the 5line-current, whether supplied by dynamo or by battery, must traversethe field-magnetwindings of the dynamos, and thus serve at all times tohold these machines up to their share of the work, whereas with theusual :00 arrangement of circuits and circuit connections thebattery-current would not traverse the field magnet windings of thedynamo, and the machines would therefore fail in many cases to do theirshare of the work, this having been found to be the case in practice, aswas hereinbefore stated.

In Fig. 3 I have shown an organization of apparatus and circuits bymeans of which the energy derived from the battery is utilized for thepurpose of holding the dynamo or dynamos up to do its or their share ofthe work when the load is heavy. In this case only two bus-bars l and 2are employed, and the field magnet winding 7 is traversed by thebattery-current only.

Any other modifications as regards the number of machines, thearrangement of circuits, (be, which may be made in order to obtainsubstantially the same result as that here set forth I regard as fallingwithin the scope of my invention, and I therefore do not intend to limitmy invention to What is specifically shown and described.

I claim as my invention 1. In a system of electrical distribution, thecombination of a secondary battery and a compound-wound dynamo-electricgenerator connected to operate in parallel and the series field-magnetwinding of the generator being so connected as to be traversed by theentire current of the system.

2. In asystem of electrical distribution, the combination with asecondary battery and one or more compound-wound dynamo-electricgenerators operating in parallel, of a busbar to which the positiveterminals of the battery and the armature or armatures are connected, asecond bus-bar to which one terminal of each series field-magnet windingis connected and an equalizing-bar to which the other terminal of eachseries field-magnet winding and the negative terminals of the batteryand the armature or armatures are connected.

3. In a system of electrical distribution, the combination with asecondary battery and one or more compound-wound dynamo-electricgenerators, of a bus-bar to which one set of corresponding battery andarmature terminals are connected, a second bus-bar to which the othersetof corresponding battery and armature terminals and one terminalof eachseries field-magnet winding are connected and a third bus-bar to whichthe other serieswinding terminals are connected.

4. In a system of direct-current distribution, the combination of asecondary battery and a dynamo-electric generator connected to operatein parallel, said generator having a field-magnet winding that. is inseries with its armature and also with the secondary battery.

5. In a system of direct-current distribution, the combination of asecondary battery and a plurality of dymuno-electric generatorsconnected to supply translating devices in parallel, said generatorshaving field-magnet windings so connected in circuit as to be traversedby the entire current of the system.

6. In a system of electricaldistribution, the combination of a secondarybattery and one or more dynamo electric generators connected to operatein parallel, said generator or generators being severally provided witha field-magnet winding one terminal of which is connected to one pole ofthe battery, so that the entire battery-current traverses said windingor windings.

7. In asystem of electrical distribution, the combination of a secondarybattery and one or more dynamo electric generators connected to operatein parallel, said generator or generators being severally provided witha shunt field-magnet winding and with a winding so connected in circuitas to be traversed by the battery-current.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name this 27th day ofApril, 1900.

HENRY R. KENT.

Witnesses:

W. L. MURRAY, A. W. SEXToN, Jr.

